Related introduction

In the 1950 s, according to the needs of national economic construction on a large scale in a planned way, and the Soviet union and eastern European countries to ask for joint experiment was carried out, the national science and technology commission machinery group metal corrosion group organize relevant departments in our country's research institutes, to establish "the atmosphere, water, soil corrosion test site", organization factories enterprise material processed into specimen, To each test station for hanging or buried test, the natural environment corrosion test of materials in China began.

After the national Science Conference in 1978, the corrosion Science group of the State Science and Technology Commission resumed its activities and organized a comprehensive survey of the corrosion test websites and the current status of the test work. During the sixth Five-year Plan period, the State Science and Technology Commission listed "experimental research on the corrosion of common materials, such as atmosphere, seawater and soil" as a key basic research project, and formulated a 20-year experimental plan for atmospheric corrosion of materials, 16 years of seawater corrosion and 40 years of soil corrosion. The corrosion test of natural environment (atmosphere, seawater, soil) of materials in China has started a new period of large-scale testing.

At present, according to national and international standards, there are 36 corrosion test stations of natural environment (atmosphere, seawater and soil) in China, including 10 atmospheric corrosion test stations, 4 seawater corrosion test stations and 22 soil corrosion test stations.

In the "sixth five-year" state Science and Technology commission and the "seventh five-year" to "ninth five-year" national natural Science Foundation of major projects, as well as the support of relevant departments, the national material natural environment corrosion test website into 353 kinds of test materials in six categories, more than 90,000 specimens. Through 4 cycles of tests, the accumulated material has been eroded by atmosphere and seawater for 8-10 years; The corrosion data of neutral and alkaline soil corrosion for 30-35 years, acid soil corrosion for 5 years and the determination of natural environmental factors are more than 400,000, and 20 databases have been established. The data have been reviewed by experts, and have been applied in the national construction, and achieved remarkable social and economic benefits.

The annual economic loss caused by corrosion worldwide is about $700 billion, six times that of earthquakes, floods, typhoons and other disasters combined.

Annual corrosion costs are $300 billion, or $1,100 per person.

- Recent statistics from the American Society of Corrosion Engineers (NACE)

Corrosion loss accounts for about 4% of the gross national product, and the amount of steel scrapped due to corrosion is about 25-30% of the annual output.

-- Statistical results of China in 1995